白癜风中药治疗 https://m-mip.39.net/baidianfeng/mipso_4750277.html

病因/发病机理CausePathogenesis

Majorcausesare:

葡萄球菌属Staphylococcusaureus,

无乳链球菌Streptococcusagalactiaeand

牛霉形体Mycoplasmabovis

挤奶时牛—牛传播Cowtocowtransmissionatmilkingtime

挤奶设备、挤奶员的手、喂犊牛Milkingequipment,milker’shandsandnursingcalves

体细胞计数高CharacterizedbyhighSomaticCellCount(SCC)

危险因素RiskFactors

带菌牛Carriercows

不正确的挤奶程序Impropermilkingprocedure

诊断Diagnosis

根据临床症状、体细胞和临床分类培养Basedonclinicalsigns,SCCandcultureofclinicalcases

鉴别诊断DifferentialDiagnosis

引起乳房炎的其它原因Othercausesofmastitis

实验室和病理学诊断LaboratoryandPathology

感染牛群中SCC高HighSCCininfectedherd

感染牛只SCC高InfectedcowshavehighSCC

从临床感染牛做乳细菌培养Culturemilkfromclinicallyinfectedcows

必须区分其他原因引起的乳房炎Mustdifferentiatefromothercausesofmastitis

大罐样细菌培养可作为筛选试验Bulktankculturecanbeutilizedasascreeningtest

当细菌间歇性排出时，如果做一次培养可能发现不了细菌，

Maynotbefoundifonlyculturedonceasbacteriaisintermittentlyshed

连续三次培养结果阴性，可以排除葡萄球菌ThreenegativeculturesonsubsequentdaysrequiredtoruleoutStaphylococcus

预防PreventionControl

阻止传播是基本的预防措施Stoppingtransmissionisthebasisofcontrol

挤奶程序和卫生设备MilkingProcedureandSanitation

前药浴泡Pre-dip

弃掉前几把奶，检查临床性乳房炎（器具表面黑色最好）

Stripforclinicalmastitischeck(blacksurfacebest)

用一次性纸巾清洗和刺激乳房排乳

Cleanandstimulatemilkletdownwithindividualpapertowels

4.如果清洗，在洗液中加消毒剂Disinfectantinwashsolutionifused

5.只洗脏的奶牛，洗后必须完全擦干Onlywashdirtycowsthenmustbethoroughlydried

挤奶员戴橡胶手套Rubberglovesonmilker

套上奶杯Applymilkingclaw

从程序2至7应有60—90秒Timefrom2to7shouldbe60to90seconds

避免过度挤奶Avoidover-milking

浸泡乳头可以传送排乳信号Teatdippostmilking

·检验并套上挤奶器Testandmaintainmilkingmachines

·在干奶期，每头奶牛的每个乳区都要干奶Drycowtreateveryquarterofeverycowatdryoff

·淘汰慢性感染牛只Cullchronicallyinfectedcows

·治疗所有的临床性乳房炎病例Treatallcasesofclinicalmastitis

·隔离所有的感染牛只及其牛乳Isolateallinfectedcowsandmilklast

·挤感染牛奶后，要消毒奶杯Sterilizeclustersaftermilkinginfectedcows

·保持一个封闭的牛群Maintainaclosedherd

葡萄球乳房炎StaphylococcusMastitis

临床症状ClinicalFindings临床性乳房炎ClinicalMastitis急性乳房炎AcuteMastitis

严重的全身症状Severesystemicsigns

体温升高Elevatedtemperature

厌食，精神萎靡，产奶量严重下降Anorexia,depressedandseveredropinmilkproduction

·感染乳区热、肿、痛Hotswollenpainfulinfectedquarter

·乳有显著变化—絮片，凝块，化脓或水样Grosschangesinthemilk–flakes,clots,purulentorwatery

坏疽性乳房炎（蓝袋）GangrenousMastitis(Bluebag)

非常严重的全身症状Veryseveresystemicsigns

从热乳区到冷乳区发展，变成蓝色Progressesfromhotquartertocoldandbluediscoloration

·如果奶牛幸存，在4天内形成区域性腐肉Areasloughsin~4daysifcowsurvives

慢性乳房炎ChronicMastitis

·细菌形成遍及感染乳腺的微脓肿，间歇性排出细菌Bacteriaformsmicro-abscessesthroughouttheinfectedglandandintermittentlyshedsbacteria

间歇发作临床性乳房炎Intermittentflare-upsofclinicalmastitis

亚临床性乳房炎Sub-ClinicalMastitis

·乳无可视变化Novisiblechangesinthemilk

·所有乳房炎病例的90%是亚临床性乳房炎（70%的经济损失来自乳房炎）90%ofallcasesofmastitisaresub-clinical(70%offinanciallossfrommastitis)

·在所有的成年泌乳奶牛中，亚临床性乳房炎是最昂贵的疾病

Sub-clinicalmastitisisthemostexpensivediseaseofadultdairycows

体细胞计数高HighSomaticCellCount(SCC)

可偶尔发作成临床性乳房炎Mayoccasionallyflare-uptoclinical

诊断Diagnosis

·根据临床症状，SCC和临床病例的细菌培养

Basedonclinicalsigns,SCCandcultureofclinicalcases

鉴别诊断

DifferentialDiagnosis

无乳链球菌Streptococcusagalactiae

牛型支原体Mycoplasmabovis

引起环境性乳房炎的病因CausesofEnvironmentalMastitis

实验室和病理学诊断LaboratoryandPathology

感染牛群中SCC高HighSCCininfectedherd

感染牛只SCC高InfectedcowshavehighSCC

从临床感染牛做乳细菌培养Culturemilkfromclinicallyinfectedcows

必须区分其他原因引起的乳房炎Mustdifferentiatefromothercausesofmastitis

大批乳桶细菌培养可作为筛选试验Bulktankculturecanbeutilizedasascreeningtest

当细菌间歇性排出时，如果做一次培养可能发现不了细菌，Maynotbefoundifonlyculturedonceasbacteriaisintermittentlyshed

连续三次培养结果阴性，要求排除葡萄球菌ThreenegativeculturesonsubsequentdaysrequiredtoruleoutStaphylococc

治疗Treatment

临床病例用全身性抗生素和支持疗法治疗Treatclinicalcaseswithsystemicantibioticsandsupportivetreatment

因感染的乳腺中遍布微脓肿，所以治愈率低，

Curerateislowbecauseoftheformationofmicro-abscessesthroughouttheinfectedgland

预防是关键Preventionisthekey

预后情况Prognosis

很难治愈Poorforcure

后遗症Sequelae

成为带菌牛Carriercows

产奶量的损失Lossofmilkproduction

预览时标签不可点收录于话题#个上一篇下一篇



转载请注明地址:http://www.azigb.com/zcmbzl/123345403.html